Prevalence and Risk Factors for Campylobacter Infection of Chicken in Peri-Urban Areas of Nairobi, Kenya

ثبت نشده
چکیده

Campylobacter species are the most common cause of bacterial food borne disease affecting humans in both developed and developing countries [1]. It is estimated that 400 to 500 million cases of Campylobacter enteritis occur annually around the world [2]. Endocarditis, reactive arthritis, hemolytic uremic syndrome and septicemia are the complications that are occasionally seen [2,3]. Rare complications such as meningitis, acute cholecystitis and Guillain Barré syndrome have been reported [3,4] Human infections are mainly caused by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli and rarely Campylobacter lari [5]. There are many possible sources of campylobacter infection in humans including contaminated poultry meat [6], untreated raw milk [7] and contaminated water [8-10]. The bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of chicken and cattle can contaminate the carcass during slaughter and subsequently be transmitted to humans [2]. Milk can be contaminated with campylobacter in cattle faeces during milking, while water gets contaminated with chicken or cattle feaces from the environment. The main risk factor for human infection is consumption of raw or undercooked poultry meat contaminated with pathogenic campylobacter species [11]. Campylobacter species are carried in the intestinal tracts of birds and mammals which shed them in large numbers to contaminate the environment including water sources [12]. Poultry meat is the most commonly incriminated cause of food borne campylobacter infections occurring in humans in many parts of the world [2] with fresh chicken as the main risk factor [13]. Avian species especially domestic chickens are frequently infected primarily with Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli during rearing [1,14]. Campylobacter invade chicken early in life through contaminated drinking water [15,16], unhygienic chicken house environment [17], wild birds, flies and rodents [18]. Risk factors that have been associated with Campylobacter colonization of chickens include season of the year [19], several poultry houses and presence of other animals in the farm [15]. Contaminated drinking water, administration of antibiotics [15,20], poor hygiene [19,21,22], old age of the flock and that of houses at the farm [22] have also been incriminated as risk factors for the infection.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Campylobacter Infection of Chicken in Peri-Urban Areas of Nairobi, Kenya

Campylobacter species are the most common cause of bacterial food borne disease affecting humans in both developed and developing countries [1]. It is estimated that 400 to 500 million cases of Campylobacter enteritis occur annually around the world [2]. Endocarditis, reactive arthritis, hemolytic uremic syndrome and septicemia are the complications that are occasionally seen [2,3]. Rare compli...

متن کامل

Drivers of Gated Community developments in Urban Areas: The Case of Nairobi, Kenya

Higher and middle income residents in Nairobi, Kenya have demonstrated a great craving forgated community housing. The phenomenon is manifested in all forms of residential property advertisements andin most new residential developments. The objective of this paper is to establish the drivers of the gated communitydevelopments in Nairobi County by identifying and documenting the push factors cau...

متن کامل

Housing the Urban Poor in Nigeria through Community Participation Using Lessons from Nairobi Kenya

Migration of people to urban areas from the rural areas usually comes with its challenges interms of infrastructural requirement and housing to cater for growing population. One of the challenge for the urbandwellers in Nigeria is that of adequate housing. The inability of the government to meet this demand has seen thepeople concerned seeking alternative solutions to housing need. The resultin...

متن کامل

Changing risk of environmental Campylobacter exposure with emerging poultry production systems in Ethiopia

Campylobacter is a leading cause of diarrhoea, and its presence in chickens is a significant risk for zoonotic infection. Poultry production is becoming increasingly intensive in Ethiopia and is incorporating more high-producing breeds into traditionally managed smallholdings, especially in peri-urban areas. This cross-sectional study sampled 219 household environments in one peri-urban and two...

متن کامل

Experimental therapeutic studies of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal. on Leishmania major infection in BALB/c mice

Objective(s):Solanum acueastrum Dunal.has been shown to have some chemotherapeutic value. Leaf and berry water and methanol compounds of S. acueastrum were evaluated for possible antileishmanial activity In vivo on BALB/c mice and in vitro against Leishmania major promastigotes, amastigotes and vero cells.  Materials and Methods: Dry S. aculeastrum berry and leaf material were extracted in meth...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2018